The Fourth-Place Medal has “36-facts about the Olympic medal count”, my favorites:

1) China won the most gold medals at the Beijing Games with 51. They become the first country to crack the 50-gold mark since the Soviet Union in 1988.

2) It’s the first time since 1936 that a country other than the United States or the Soviet Union has led the medal count.

3) China won more golds in Beijing (51) than they did total medals in Atlanta (50).

4) Per capita, China won one gold medal for every 25 million people in the country.
The United States’ per capita rate was one gold for every 8.5 million.
The tiny island nation of Jamaica, which won a staggering six golds in Beijing, had a per capita rate of one gold for every 450,000 residents.

5) India has 17% of the world’s population. They won 0.31% of Olympic medals.
China: 19.8% of population, 10.4% of medals.
United States: 4.6% of population, 11.5% medals.
Jamaica: 0.041% of population, 1.15% medals.

6) Six countries won their first ever Olympic medals: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo.

7) The rest of the world won seven golds in men’s swimming events. Phelps won eight.

8) Members of the former Soviet Union won a total of 173 medals in Beijing.

9) From 1980 to 2008, Jamaica won three Olympic golds. In a span of six days in Beijing, Usain Bolt won three.

10) In all, 958 medals were handed out to athletes from 87 countries, the most medals and medal receipients in Olympic history.

For the rest of the 36, check this post out.

From Wikipedia:

Jordan first participated at the Olympic Games in 1980, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then. The nation has never participated in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2008, no Jordanian athlete has ever won an Olympic medal. However, in the 1988 Seoul Games, a Jordanian athlete did win a Bronze medal in Taekwando. As this was Taekwando’s first appearance in the Olympics it was ruled a demonstration sport not an official Olympic event.